Angina

Chest pain during activity or stress may be related to narrowing of the heart arteries.

Angina is chest pain or discomfort caused by a temporary reduction in blood flow to the heart muscle. It often appears during exercise, emotional stress, cold weather or after a heavy meal.

When to seek emergency care

If any of the following signs occur, call *3003 immediately — do not wait for a routine appointment:

  • New chest pain at rest
  • Pain stronger or longer than usual
  • Pain lasting more than 10–20 minutes
  • Cold sweat, shortness of breath or near-fainting

What is it?

Angina is more a clinical expression of coronary artery disease than a separate disease. Stable angina needs planned assessment; new or resting pain can represent an urgent situation.

Symptoms

  • Pressure or tightness in the chest
  • Pain during activity
  • Pain relieved by rest
  • Pain spreading to the left arm or jaw
  • Shortness of breath

Causes & risk factors

  • Coronary artery narrowing
  • High blood pressure
  • Diabetes
  • High cholesterol
  • Smoking
  • Stress and cold exposure
  • Family history

Diagnosis

Diagnosis should not rely on one test alone. Symptoms, risk factors, physical examination and investigation results are interpreted together.

  • ECG
  • Echocardiography
  • Exercise or stress test
  • Coronary CT angiography
  • Coronary angiography
  • Blood tests

Treatment approaches

Treatment is individualized according to severity, overall health, accompanying conditions, procedure risk and patient priorities.

  • Medication
  • Risk factor control
  • Anti-anginal drugs
  • Assessment for stenting
  • Surgical referral in selected cases

How we help

The center evaluates the type of pain, risk factors and test results. The main goal is to distinguish stable symptoms from a high-risk acute coronary condition.

When a procedure may be needed

Coronary angiography may be needed when stress testing is high-risk, symptoms persist, pain is not controlled by medication, or significant narrowing is suspected.

Patient checklist

  • Record when pain appears
  • Note what worsens or relieves it
  • Do not ignore urgent warning signs
  • Avoid smoking

FAQ

Is angina the same as a heart attack?

No, but it may indicate heart attack risk. A change in pain pattern requires urgent assessment.

If pain improves with rest, is it safe?

Not necessarily. This can be stable angina and still needs evaluation.

Last updated:

Related department

Invasive Cardiology

Related procedures

Have symptoms?

Consult a doctor — send a request.

Get advice
Call WhatsApp Booking